Heat exchanger



13.1211111155. QAM/1.1.5011 2,024,521

- HEAT ExcHANGER Filed nay 9, 19:52 2 sheets-sheet 1- JJLL u 0 Q n o o on o o c o .n

o o o o o o o a o u Q n n 1 y INVENTORa mom,

Brumes A. Harisnr I D 17,1935.. A. imi-SCN 2,024,521

HEAT EXGHNGER Filed May 9, 1932 2 ASheets-Shea?. 2

laway for clearness.

Patented Dec. 17, 1935 UNITI-:D s'ra'riss PATENT OFFICE naar' Exon-.mean l charles A'. nan-non, Lockport, N. Y. Application May 9, 1932, Serial @0.610334 c claims. (c1. zum) This invention relates to aheat exchanger and the manufacture ofthe same.

In heat exchangers of this characterheretofore developed, one huid has been passed through a'tubular body immersed in a cooling huid, which body has been fabricated of tubes soldered or otherwise secured to headers. Due to the thermal expansion and contraction in the body the joints soon become ruptured and.v cause leakage of the confined fluid. Further, the heat exchanger body has involved considerable vexpense in the manufacture thereof, has been cumbersome, and also inefficient.

The present invention has for its -object to simplify the construction ofthe heat exchanger. its manufacture, and, further, to provide a heat exchanger which is more eicient and practical in use and of great strength and lightness.

In the drawings:L Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the fusiblecore plate.

Fig. i2 is a partly disassociated perspective view of the core.

Fig. 3 is a view of the core with its enclosing electro deposited shell, portions being broken Fig. 4 is a view of the shell, similar to 3, with the core removed. I

Figs. A5 and 6 are fragmentary modif-led sec- Fig.

tional views.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a casing enclosing the heat exchanger, as showing one mani ner of using the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an elevation with portions broken away to more clearly show the heat exchanger in the casing.

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the assembly with-the cover of the casing removed.

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 but depicting' a modified heat exchanger body.

In proceeding in accordance with the present invention a body I is provided preferably in the form of a plate or sheet o f lead or other readily fusible/metal. 1A pair of the opposite edges 2 of this lsheet are connected to header members 3 which in the preferred construction are formed of brass or some other metal having a higher vinternal strains in particular.

coating. One end of each'tube 3 may be closed,

as by a plug 6, and the opposite end extended to provide for a nipple 'I for connection in la circulatory system.

The plate I with the tubes 31s immersed .in 5 an electrolytic bath for the electro deposition of a shell 8 completely enclosing the plate as well as' the tubes. This shell is preferably formed of copper and provides a seamless enclosure for the fusible body I and a seamless connection 10 with the tubes so that'when the body is subsequently fused out the copper shell, having the general design of the core employed, will'join the two tubes, the latter constituting reinforcing headers for the shell. y

-In o rder to give strength to the resulting shell, it is proposed to join the opposed walls thereof at intervals by struts or braces serving to firmly unite the shells against separation and contraction. It ispreferred to form these connecting reinforcements by the same process of electro deposition, at the same time the shell is formed, and this iseifected by forming the plate I with a plurality of apertures 9' in which the electro deposition will form to produce the connecting 25 stays 9 in the resulting shell structure. These apertures or perforations are made in size and number to provide ultimately thenecessary and adequate bracing for the sides of the shell against Obviously, the perforations will vary according to the pressures under which the heat exchanger is designed to function. The core, .with its perforated body I, is submergedin the electrolytic bath to have the copper shell deposited thereove'r and over as much of the tubes 3 as maybe desired.`

Upon removal from the bath the shell may be shaped while the core is still intact to conserve space in its practical embodiment.` As shown in Fig. 3, the assemblage is spirally' formed about 4o one of the tubes. and after the shell. is given its desired form the core is removed as by submerging the whole into a molten bath `ofthe core metal or otherwise heated. Thisy will fuse the body I out of theshell, the melted core material running out through the open ends of theftubes 3. The resulting shell structure, shown in Fig. 4, will have its walls joined at intervals by the reinforcing stays 9, adding strength .and v durability to the otherwise light zor` thin electro deposited walls 8.

The slots- 4 may be formed tangentially, as shown in-Figs. 2, 3 and 4, for they may be formed radially as indicated at 4' in Fig. 5. The tubes may assume different shapes,as for instance, f

,case may in Fig. 6 the tube l"l is shown rectangularin cross section. n

In practice either of the nipples 1 may constitute the vinlet to the heat exchanger and both connected into a iiuid circulating'system so that there will be a ilowof1uid from one tube' -through the spiral or'otherwise shaped shell I and out through the companion tube.' The uld passing through the shallow channel or passage' Il of the shell will radiate or absorb heat, as the l be, the exterior .contacting fluid, whether it be gaseous orliquid, in its turn acting as absorber' or radiator of the heat.

, Figs. "l, 8", 9 and v10, the exchanger shell is enclosed within a chamber Il having an inflow connection I2 and an outow connection l! conynectible to a water or other fluid system whereby 4the desired interchange of heat will be effected with the uid passing through the shell.

To increase the capacity of the exchanger body a plural spiral arrangementmay be provided by forming in the tube I6 a pair of slots I 1, inserting the core plate I in each slot to extend more or less radially from the tube in wing formation,

.and securing their outer edges in the' slots l of a pair of tubes '3. The plural plate core is then given its shell sition, and the whole woundv spirally about the center tube I6, or otherwise shaped, following which the 'core is fused outleaving the exchanger. body substantially as that shown in Fig.

9 wherein there is adouble spiral passage having a common central manifold or nipple and individual nipple connections outwardly of the spiral windings.

The resultingexchanger'body, in either form,

' lis an integral structure throughout without seam 'make-up, having its thin conning walls ade- 40 or joint, and is light in weight and of Adurable ,quately braced against internal strains by reason of the integrally connected struts or stays 9.

The tubesA 3 provide reinforcements for the exchanger and--serve as preformed means for attachment in a circulatory system.

IWhat is claimed is:

' 1. The methodof making a heat exchanger' consisting in providing a sheet core plate of fusible material having the dimensions substantially the same as the desired fluid passage through the exchanger body, providing a pair of tubes having longitudinal slots, inserting a pair of the edges of the plate in the slots of -the tubes, bridging over the Joints between the tubes and body, electro depositing fa shell on the core formed by the tubes andthe connected plate, winding the whole into a spiral form, and then fusing out the core from the shell leaving the tubes within the shell to reinforce the same 'and provide means of cona fusible body over each opening of said mernnection in' a circulatory system.

2. The method of forming a consisting in providing a hollow member with a plurality of openings through its wall, securing is vconnected to a eatingl `member and the plural hollow memenclosure, through. electro depoprforating the heat exchanger berwithportionsofthebodiesextendingoutwardly therefrom, securing on anotherportion of eachbodyahollowmemberhavinganopening closed thereby, whereby the first hollow member plurality of secondary hollow- 5 members through said plural fusible bodies, thereby forming a plural wing composite core, electro depositing a shell on said core, spirally shaping.the wings of the shell about the firsthollow member with the fusible bodies therein, and then removing the fusible bodies from said shell whereby the latter will provide communiw eways between the first hollow bers. 15

K 3. lloore forA receiving electro deposition, comprising a pair of hollow header members having slots therein, and a fusible plate having Aportions sliciabiy tting the slots of the members to' join the latter, said plate having a lower fusing point 20 than said header members.`

4. The method of forming a heat exchanger, consisting in forming openings through the walls of a pair of spaced and unconnected hollow header members, connecting the members by a g5 flexible fusible. body secured in the openings thereof, electro depositing a flexible shell over the members andbody, bending that shell portion intermediate the spaced headers to a de l sired shape and while still retaining the fusible so body therein, and then fusing out'the body from the shaped shell and the hollow members.

5. The method of forming heat exchangers, consisting in connecting a pair ofvhollow headerI members by a flat, sheet-like and pliable, fusible a5 body through openings in said hollow members, y

i bodybetween said hollow members with astay-forming opening, electrolytically depositing a shell over the body and through the perforation therein to form a reinforcing ,49 and connectingf stay transversely and between the walls of the shell for joining such walls of the shell, coiling the shell and body as a unit Y about one header member, and then fusing Vout the body.

. .45 6. The^method of forming a heat'exchanger,

l consisting in providing a hollow mounting member with a plurality of openings through its wall 'in different planes, securing afusible body over each opening of said member with portions ohio 1 the bodies extending radially outwardly therefrom, securing on the outer. portion of e'ach body a. hollow mounting member having an opening closed thereby, whereby the first hollow member is connected to a plurality of secondary hollow .55 members through said plural fusible bodies, thereby forming a plural wing composite core, electro depositing a shell on said core, and then Aremoving the fusible b'odies from said shell whereby the latter will provide communicating, passageways between` the first hollow member and the plural secondary hollow members.

- CHARLE A. HARRISON. 

